The WLTP is a laboratory test protocol used for vehicle type-approval.

It defines a standardized cycle of accelerations, stops, and driving speeds to measure a vehicle's key environmental performance metrics.

It was introduced in 2017 to replace the older New European Driving Cycle (NEDC).

The primary reason for the change was realism.

The NEDC was based on theoretical driving profiles and was widely criticized for producing fuel consumption and CO2 figures that were unattainable in real-world driving.

The WLTP is much more rigorous and representative of actual on-road conditions.

It features: - Higher average and maximum speeds.

- More dynamic accelerations and decelerations.

- Longer test distances.

- Consideration of optional equipment, which affects a vehicle's weight and aerodynamics.

As a result, the CO2 and fuel consumption figures under WLTP are generally higher and more accurate than under NEDC.

These official figures are used for vehicle taxation, certification against emissions standards (Euro standards), and consumer information.