A Tire Pressure Monitoring System (TPMS) is a safety feature that automatically monitors tire pressure.

There are two main types: 1.

**Indirect TPMS (iTPMS):** This system uses the vehicle's anti-lock brake system (ABS) wheel speed sensors.

It infers low pressure by detecting that an under-inflated tire rotates at a slightly different speed than the others.

It's less expensive but also less accurate and cannot detect when all four tires are losing pressure slowly and equally.

2.

**Direct TPMS (dTPMS):** This is the more common and accurate system.

It uses a small battery-powered pressure sensor inside each tire (often part of the valve stem) that directly measures the pressure and temperature.

It transmits this data wirelessly to a central control unit, which displays it to the driver.

The importance of TPMS is twofold.

For **safety**, it provides an early warning of a puncture or a dangerously under-inflated tire, which can prevent blowouts and loss of control.

For **efficiency**, it helps maintain correct tire pressure, which is crucial for maximizing fuel economy, ensuring even tire wear, and optimizing vehicle handling.